Light-transmitting concrete (Litracon) is a type of concrete that utilizes optical fibers to transmit light, serving primarily as an aesthetic element in architecture while also lowering energy consumption and enhancing efficiency. This research, for the first time, examines the properties of self-compacting light-transmitting concrete (SCLTC) and then examines the effect of adding silica fume to this mixture. This study investigates the mechanical properties of SCLTC incorporating 4% optical fibers and varying silica fume (SF) contents (5%, 10%, and 15%) after 28 days of curing. While conventional concrete benefits from SF due to its pozzolanic reactivity and microstructural refinement, this research reveals a contrasting trend in SCLTC. The control sample (0% SF) exhibited the highest compressive strength (58.3 MPa), whereas SF incorporation led to significant reductions of 67.8% at 5% SF (18.8 MPa), 39.6% at 10% SF (35.2 MPa), and a further decline at 15% SF (18.9 MPa). The optimal SF content was identified as 10%, balancing limited strength recovery against the detrimental effects of higher dosages, likely due to disrupted particle packing, increased water demand, and impaired fiber-matrix bonding. Light transmittance remained consistent (~5%) across all mixes, indicating SF’s negligible impact on optical performance. These findings highlight the need for more appropriate mix designs in SCLTC. Future research should explore lower SF dosages (<5%) and synergistic admixtures to enhance performance while preserving self-consolidation and translucency. This study advances the understanding of multifunctional concrete, bridging rheological efficiency with sustainable architectural applications.