ع
 ]1[Tahir, M., & Mahendran, M. (2020). Thermal performance of light steel frame walls. Energy and
Buildings, 212, 109804.
 ]2[Soares, N., Santos, P., Gervásio, H., Costa, J. J., Simões da Silva, L., & Rodrigues, F. (2017).
Energy efficiency and thermal performance of lightweight steel-framed (LSF) construction: A review.
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 78, 194–209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.04.066
 ]3[Kim, S., & Lee, D. (2022). Phase change material integrated light steel frame systems for energy
efficiency. Applied Thermal Engineering, 205, 118045.
 ]4[International Energy Agency. (2022). World energy outlook 2022. IEA.
 ]5[Bradford, A. D. (2019). Light steel framing in modern construction. Journal of Structural
Engineering, 145(4), 04019012.
 ]6[Wang, J., Zhang, Y., Li, H., & Chen, Z. (2020). Thermal bridging effects in steel-framed walls.
Building and Environment, 180, 107039.
 ]7[Statistical Center of Iran. (2022). Annual report on energy consumption in buildings. Tehran:
Statistical Center of Iran. (Persian)
 ]۸[Jafari, S., Hosseini, S. M., & Rahmani, M. (2023). Thermal analysis of light steel frame walls in
hot climates. Journal of Building Physics, 46(4), 512–529.
 ]9[Rostami, M. (2021). Heat transfer analysis in light steel frame walls (Master’s thesis). University
of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. (Persian)
 ]10[Sadeghi, S. (2020). Optimization of insulation in light steel frame walls. Iranian Journal of Civil
Engineering, 22(3), 45–58. (Persian)
 ]11[Pham, C., Nguyen, T., & Bui, Q. (2023). Thermo-structural simulation of light steel frame
components. Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 204, 103764.
 ]12[Zhao, B., Liu, X., & Sun, Y. (2021). MATLAB-based building energy modeling for light steel
frame systems. Energy Reports, 7, 2145–2156.
 ]13[Li, D. (2022). Coupled thermal–structural analysis of steel wall systems. Engineering
Structures, 252, 113640.
 ]14[Mahendran, M. (2023). Thermal bridges in light steel framing systems. Thin-Walled Structures,
184, 110515.
 ]15[Mohammadi, G. (2023). Energy modeling of light steel frame buildings in hot and arid climate
of Iran. Journal of Energy and Buildings, 12(2), 101–115. (Persian)