عمران و پروژه
اعتبار،چابکی،پاسخگویی

Performance Assessment of Anti-Vortex and Stepped Chamber Modifications in Morning Glory Spillways via Computational Modelling

https://doi.org/10.22034/cpj.2025.537591.1389
دوره 7، شماره 7 - شماره پیاپی 77
مهر 1404
صفحه 66-95
عمران و پروژه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

روزبه آقامجیدی

استادیار، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ‌‌واحد سپیدان، فارس، ‌ایران

چکیده
Shaft spillways are a specialized type of circular spillway primarily utilized for the controlled release of unplanned floodwaters, commonly used at earth and concrete dams, the spillways are considered as vital components in flood management. For this type of shaft spillway, the stepped spillway and smooth spillway is the most common spillways. Specifically, the almost realistic high flow rate in stepped spillways indicates the importance of determining the unsteady flow patterns and behaviours in order to optimize the design for efficient performance. The effect of these devices upon flow dynamics is a critical aspect of full-scale spillway design and operation, as vortex breakers significantly affect these dynamics, thus warranting their inclusion in the design process. Cavitation is a major concern when operating a spillway, as this phenomenon can cause the flow pressure to fall below the vapor pressure of the fluid and lead to severe damage of the structure. In order to this, the current investigation deals with the analysis of the cavitation index for smooth shaft spillways and compares the cavitation index with one type of stepped spillway. Understanding how varying flow patterns, step dimensionality, and flow types influence spillway functionality is the focus of the current research. Among them, two different models, a smooth and a stepped one, were tested with three different configurations of vortex breaker, making a comprehensive characterization of the hydraulic behaviour and cavitation risk. At different inlet discharges, pressure and flow velocity were measured at several sites along the surface of the spillway during experiments. The analysis of dimensionless parameters across various locations on the stepped spillway, which contributed towards cavitation risk assessment, included the step height-to-width ratio (h/b), the overall quantity of steps, and distance from the spillway's initiation point. These variables were quantified using both theoretical and numerical methods. The results of the conducted process revealed that the studied stepped spillway has properties of the 12-th variant of it, which is the most cavitation resistant and resistant against concrete erosion.

کلیدواژه‌ها

: Vortex breaker
Flow
Stepped Chamber
Comsol soft ware
موضوعات
Aghamajidi, R. (2021). Experimental study of cavitation in river spillways. Hydraulic Engineering
Studies, 28(5), 90-105.
Alfatlawi, E. M., & Alshaikhli, H. I. (2020). Prediction of the coefficient of discharge for stepped
morning glory spillway using ANN and MNLR approaches. International Journal of Civil and
Environmental Engineering, 37(2), 1701-8285.
Alfatlawi, E. M., & Alshakli, H. (2018). Influence of vortex breaker design on cavitation risk in
stepped morning glory spillways. Journal of Hydraulic Structures, 42(1), 112-125.
Asadsangabi, F., Talebbeydokhti, N., & Rahnavard, M. (2019). Numerical simulation of cavitation
and discharge coefficient in shaft spillways using VOF and k-epsilon models. Hydraulic Modeling,
40(2), 255-268.
Azimi, A. H., & Rajaratnam, N. (2016). Water surface characteristics for submerged rectangular sharpcrested
weirs. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 142(5), 06016001-9.
Azimi, A. H., & Salehi, S. (2019). Discharge characteristics of weir-orifice and weir-gate structures.
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 145(11), 04019025.
Azimi, A. H., & Salehi, S. (2022). Hydraulics of flow over full-cycle cosine and rectangular sharpcrested
weirs. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 49(6), 954-968.
Betts, P. E. (1995). An improved finite element approach to the analysis of morning glory spillway
hydraulics. Journal of Computational Hydraulics, 36(2), 112-118.
Betts, P. L. (1979). A variational principle in terms of stream function for free-surface flows and its
application to the finite element method. Computers & Fluids, 7(2), 145-153.
Civil and Project Journal, 2025, 7(7), 66-95
https://doi.org/10.22034/cpj.2025.537591.1389
94
Betts, P. L. (1998). Comparative analysis of spillway designs using finite element modeling. Water
Science Journal, 43(5), 12-28.
Bordbar, A., Mousavi Jahromi, H., Shafaei Bajestan, M., & Sedghi, H. (2010). Step effects
investigation on the flow regime and cavitation in stepped morning glory spillways. World Applied
Sciences Journal, 10(9), 1024-1031.
Cassidy, D. E. (1986). Numerical modeling of the hydraulic performance of morning glory spillways.
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 112(2), 90-97.
Christodoulou, G., Mavrommatis, A., & Papathanassiadis, T. (2010). Experimental study on the
effect of piers and boundary proximity on the discharge capacity of a morning glory spillway. In 1st
IAHR European Congress, Edinburgh, Scotland.
Dong, X. L., Yang, K. L., Guo, X. L., & Guo, Y. X. (2011). Hydraulic mechanism and application
of swirling device in morning glory shaft spillway. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 1.
Esmailzadeh, E., & Mirzavand, P. (2017). Aeration efficiency at morning glory spillway crests:
Experimental and numerical analysis. Water Resources Research, 53(4), 1232-1248.
Fadaei Kermani, S. M., & Parsaie, A. (2014). Cavitation and velocity profile analysis in Shahid
Abbaspour dam spillway. Journal of Hydraulic Research, 53(4), 121-134.
Fiedler, S. (2019). Design improvements for Hoover Dam spillways: Cavitation risk and velocity
control. Dam Engineering Journal, 57(4), 349-362.
Felder, S., & Chanson, H. (2016). Turbulence and pressure fluctuations in hydraulic bends: A
comparative study. Water Resources Research, 52(4), 2502–
2518. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR018318
Hager, W. H. (1990). Vortex drop inlet for supercritical approaching flow. Journal of Hydraulic
Engineering, 116(8), 1048-1054.
Hager, W. H., & Vischer, D. L. (1995). Energy dissipators. IAHR Hydraulic Structures Design
Manual, Balkema, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Ikegawa, Y., & Washizu, K. (1983). Finite element analysis of flow around morning glory spillways.
International Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 29(3), 233-241.
Jain, S. C. (1984). Tangential vortex-inlet. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 110(12), 1693-1699.
Jain, S. C. (1987). Free-surface swirling flows in vertical drop shaft. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,
113(10), 1277-1289.
Kasra, A., Khosrojerdi, A., & Babazadeh, H. (2022). Cavitation risk through the bottom outlet of the
dam using numerical solution of Ansys model. JWSS-Isfahan University of Technology, 26(1), 195-
209.
Liu, J., Nissim, D., & Thomas, J. (2002). Equity valuation using multiples. Journal of Accounting
Research, 40(1), 135-172.
Liu, Y., Zhang, H., & Wang, Z. (2018). Air-water flow characteristics in vortex drop shafts.
Hydraulic Structures Research, 45(6), 567-573.
Liu, Y., Zhang, H., & Wu, Z. (2016). Air entrainment in vortex drop shafts: Numerical and physical
model comparison. Journal of Hydraulic Research, 50(5), 573-586.
Mahtabi, G., & Arvanaghi, H. (2018). Experimental and numerical analysis of flow over a
rectangular full-width sharp-crested weir. Water Science and Engineering, 11(1), 75-80.
Methodology: Combined laboratory experiments (using ADV sensors) and 3D Reynolds-averaged
Navier-Stokes (RANS) simulations to analyze turbulence and pressure dynamics in curved channels.
Maynord, S. T. (1985). General spillway investigation; hydraulic model investigation (No.
WES/TR/HL-85-1).
Nohani, E. (2015). Retracted: Numerical simulation of the flow pattern on morning glory spillways.
International Journal of Life Sciences, 9(4), 28-31.
Olsen, J. E., & Kjellesvig, K. G. (1993). Modeling flow characteristics in morning glory spillways
using RANS and k-epsilon turbulence models. Journal of Hydrologic Research, 29(1), 31-45.Olsen, N.
R., & Kjellesvig, H. M. (1998). Three-dimensional numerical flow modelling
Chanson, H. (2015). Energy dissipation and pressure distribution in curved spillways: Hydraulic
design considerations. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 141(8),
04015012. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001022
Civil and Project Journal, 2025, 7(7), 66-95
https://doi.org/10.22034/cpj.2025.537591.1389
95
Methodology: Experimental and numerical analysis using physical scale models and CFD to study
energy dissipation in curved spillway geometries.
Zhang, G., Wang, H., & Liu, Y. (2020). Cavitation prediction in Morning Glory spillways using
multiphase CFD modeling. Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics, 14(1), 567–
582. https://doi.org/10.1080/19942060.2020.1746791
  • تاریخ دریافت 06 تیر 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری 11 مرداد 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش 14 مرداد 1404
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار 14 مرداد 1404
  • تاریخ انتشار 01 مهر 1404

صفحه اصلی

ارسال مقاله

تماس با ما

مقالات در نوبت انتشار