اعتبار،چابکی،پاسخگویی

شناسایی و اولویت بندی ریسک های گودبرداری عمیق در شهر تهران با روش معادلات ساختاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده مهندسی و مدیریت ساخت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم تحقیقات، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار، دانشکده مهندسی و مدیریت ساخت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم تحقیقات، تهران، ایران

چکیده
گسترش ساخت‌وسازهای شهری، محدودیت توسعه مساحت شهر تهران و نیاز به بهره‌برداری از فضاهای زیرسطحی، موجب افزایش اجرای گودبرداری‌های عمیق در سال‌های اخیر شده است. با افزایش عمق گودبرداری، احتمال ناپایداری دیواره‌ها و بروز خسارات جانی و مالی ناشی از ریزش گود افزایش می‌یابد؛ از این‌رو شناسایی و اولویت‌بندی عوامل مؤثر بر کاهش ریسک این پروژه‌ها از اهمیت ویژه‌ای برخوردار است. هدف این پژوهش، شناسایی و رتبه‌بندی مهم‌ترین عوامل مؤثر بر ریسک گودبرداری‌های عمیق در شهر تهران با استفاده از مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری است. در این راستا، پس از بررسی مطالعات پیشین و شناسایی عوامل اثرگذار، پرسشنامه‌ای مشتمل بر 27 سؤال در قالب هشت گروه ریسک شامل عوامل ژئوتکنیکی، طراحی، مدیریتی، محیطی، اقتصادی، زمانی، قانونی و پایدارسازی تدوین شد. داده‌های پژوهش از طریق تکمیل پرسشنامه توسط 137 نفر از متخصصان و فعالان حوزه ساخت‌وساز جمع‌آوری گردید. سپس داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار لیزرل و روش مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری مورد تجزیه‌وتحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد عامل طراحی بیشترین تأثیر را بر کاهش ریسک و افزایش پایداری گودهای عمیق دارد. پس از آن، عوامل ژئوتکنیکی، زمانی، مدیریتی، محیطی و اقتصادی در رتبه‌های بعدی قرار گرفتند. همچنین در میان شاخص‌های مرتبط با طراحی، کیفیت مصالح مورد استفاده در سازه نگهبان مهم‌ترین عامل مؤثر بر پایداری گود شناخته شد. یافته‌های پژوهش بیانگر آن است که تمرکز بر بهبود فرآیند طراحی، کنترل کیفیت مصالح و توجه به شرایط ژئوتکنیکی می‌تواند نقش مؤثری در کاهش حوادث ناشی از گودبرداری‌های عمیق ایفا کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Identification and Prioritization of Deep Excavation Risks in Tehran via Structural Equation Method

نویسندگان English

Mohammad Reza Naderi 1
Majid Safehian 2
1 Master’s student, Department of Civil Engineering. Islamic Azad university, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering. Islamic Azad university, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Nowadays due to the population expansion, buildings are constructed with more depths, in order to compensate the limitation in increasing the area. During deep excavation, a vast amount of soil is removed from the ground. Considering the nature of the soil, the more depth excavated, the more tendencies would be to replace the empty space, and what happens, may act as a trigger for adjacent walls to collapse. Unfortunately, this type of accident causes high rates of annual morbidities and financial loss. To prevent such calamities, it appears to be a necessity to identify contributed risk factors and the efficacy of supportive preparations in case of deep excavations.

In this research, after investigating previous related studies, a 27-question questionnaire was designed, using the Likert model. Questions were deducted from different risk factors of deep excavation to fit into eight categorizes including Geotechnics, Design, Management, Environment, Economic, Time, Laws, and Stability. The questionnaire was then completed by 137 individuals, and analyzed by structural equation modeling (SEM), via Lisrel application.

Based on the attained results, amongst several factors, the "Design" was considered to play the most important role in stabilizing the deep excavation. The quality of the materials used for stabilizing the deep excavation, had the highest level of importance upon related questions of the "Design" factor. Geotechnical factors, Time, Management, Environmental and Economic issues, took next stages. At last, the depth of the excavation and the stabilization method highlighted lower importances.

In conclusion, by considering the importance of risk factors in deep excavations and stabilization methods, a brighter future with fewer rates of constructional accidents is promised.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

  • Deep Excavation
  • Risk
  • Prioritization
  • Lisrel
  • Structural Equation Modeling (SEM)
  • Likert
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  • تاریخ دریافت 24 اردیبهشت 1405
  • تاریخ بازنگری 20 خرداد 1405
  • تاریخ پذیرش 29 خرداد 1405
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار 29 خرداد 1405
  • تاریخ انتشار 01 شهریور 1405