مروری بر سرریزهای کاربردی و بهینه در سدسازی بر اساس پارامترهای موثر دینامیکی و سینماتیکی

رادمنش, سعید; بازایی, امیرحسین; آقامجیدی, روزبه

doi:10.22034/cpj.2022.04.03.1138

مروری بر سرریزهای کاربردی و بهینه در سدسازی بر اساس پارامترهای موثر دینامیکی و سینماتیکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

¹ کارشناس ارشد، گروه مهندسی عمران، موسسه غیرانتفاعی تابناک، لامرد، ایران

² گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد فیروزآباد (مرکز میمند)، فارس، ایران

³ استادیار، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ‌‌واحد سپیدان، فارس، ‌ایران

10.22034/cpj.2022.04.03.1138

چکیده

سرریز ها به طور کلی برای تخلیه آب مازاد یا سیلاب که حجم مخزن قادر به ذخیره آن نباشد تعبیه می‌گردد. در سدهای انحرافی نیز از سرریز جهت بای پس یا انحراف جریان مازاد بر ظرفیت سیستم استفاده می‌شود. تخریب بسیاری از سدها به دلیل طراحی نادرست یا کافی نبودن ظرفیت سرریز به وقوع می‌پیوندند. طراحی صحیح سرریز در سدهای خاکی سنگریزه ای نسبت به سدهای بتنی از اهمیت بیشتری برخوردار هستند. زیرا احتمال تخریب سدهای خاکی و سنگریزه ای در اثر عبور آب، نسبت به سدهای بتنی به مراتب بیشتر است. در مطالعه حاضر به بررسی و مروری جامع بر روی انواع سرریزهای کاربردی بر اساس پارامترهای موثر دینامیکی و سینماتیکی پرداخته شد. همچنین نسبت به تعاریف و جمع بندی انواع سرریز‌های آزاد، شوت، سیفونی، پلکانی، کنگره‌ای، جانبی، تونلی، تاج دایره‌ای، اوجی، نیلوفری یا لاله‌ای پرداخت گردید. در ادامه به بررسی مکانیزم شکل گیری گرداب و معرفی سرریز متناسب با این پدیده اقدام شد. نتایج حاکی از جمع بندی این موارد نشان داد که بکارگیری از سرریز نیلوفری یا لاله‌ای در مناطق سیل آسا با دِبی بالای دارای عملکرد بهتری می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عمران- سازه های هیدرولیکی

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Review of Applied and Optimal Spillway in Dam Construction Based on Effective Dynamic and Kinematic Parameters

نویسندگان [English]

Saeed Radmanesh ¹
Amirhossein Bazaee ²
Roozbeh Aghamajidi ³

¹ Master student, Department of Civil Engineering, Tabnak Non-Profit Institute, Lamerd, Iran

² Instructor, Department of Civil Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Firoozabad Unit (Meymand Center), Fars, Iran

³ Assistant Professor, Faculty Of Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Sepidan Unit, Fars, Iran

چکیده [English]

Overflows are generally installed to drain excess water or floods that the volume of the tank can not store. In diversion dams, overflow is used to bypass or divert current in excess of system capacity. Demolition of many dams occurs due to incorrect design or insufficient overflow capacity. Proper spill design is more important in gravel earthen dams than in concrete dams. because the probability of destruction of earthen and gravel dams due to water passage is much higher than concrete dams. In the present study, a comprehensive review of the types of applied overflows based on effective dynamic and kinematic parameters was performed. Also, definitions and summaries of different types of free overflows were shot, siphon, stepped, congressional, lateral, tunnel, circular crown, peak, lotus or tulip. Then, the mechanism of vortex formation was introduced and an overflow appropriate to this phenomenon was introduced. The results of these cases showed that the application of lotus or tulip overflow in flood areas with high discharge has better performance.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Spillway
dam
stepped overflow
lotus overflow
hydraulic structures

مراجع

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Mohammad Sadegh Jalali, Roozbeh Aghamajidi "Study Of Effective Factors And Recognition Of The Phase Of Recognizing Ghadir Water Supply Project As One Of The Largest Water Supply Projects In The Country" Fourth Annual Congress Of Civil Engineering, Architecture And Urban Planning Infrastructure Development, Iran, 1400. (in persian)
Mohammad Rafi Rafiei, Roozbeh Aghamajidi "Estimation And Estimation Of The Useful Life Of The Dam Under The Influence Of Incoming Sediments Using Karun 92 Software" Bi-Quarterly Journal Of Water Engineering, Volume: 8, Issue: 3, 2013. (in persian)
Babak Mansoori, Roozbeh Aqamjidi "Study Of The Effect Of Angular Roughness And Bed Slope On Hydraulic Jump Characteristics" 20th Iranian Hydraulic Conference, 1400. (in persian)
Sara Amirzadeh, Roozbeh Aghamjidi "Study And Analysis Of The Sensitivity Of Indicators Affecting The Dynamic Pressure Of GRP Pipes In Water Supply Projects (Case Study Of Water Supply Project In Songhar City Of Kermanshah)" Bi-Quarterly Journal Of Water Engineering, Volume: 9, Issue: 3, 1400. (in persian)
Amin Hojjatkhah, Roozbeh Agha Majidi "Laboratory Study Of The Effect Of The Shape Of The Deflector Structure On The Scour Depth Around The Bridge Pier" Hydraulic Quarterly, Volume: 17, Issue: 1, 1401. (in persian)
Reza Momenzadeh, Roozbeh Aghamajidi "Investigation Of The Effects Of Diameter Change, Pipe Thickness And Different Flow Velocities On The Dynamic Loads Due To Ram Impact In Water Supply Lines" 17th Iranian Hydraulic Conference, 1397. (in persian)
Mohammad Emami, Roozbeh Aghamajidi "Study Of The Effect Of Ram Impact Phenomenon In Water Supply Projects Using GRP Pipes (Case Study Of Water Supply Project From Azadi Dam To Hor Plain Of Kermanshah Province)" National Conference On Recent Developments In Engineering And Modern Sciences, 1397. (in persian)
Kazem Bahmani Rad, Roozbeh Aghamajidi "Study And Analysis Of The Causes Of Failure Of Earth Dams And Its Consequences Numerically Case Study: Darvardzan Dam" First National Conference On Infrastructure Engineering, 1397. (in persian)
Reza Afshari, Roozbeh Aghamjidi "Investigation Of The Effect Of Diversion Flow On The Amount Of Sediments Entering The Lateral Catchments In The 180 Degree Arc And Hydraulic Conditions Around The Pipe On The Trapping Efficiency" Journal Of Water Engineering, Volume: 7, Issue: 2, 1398. (in persian)
Amin Moradi, Roozbeh Aghamajidi "Investigation Of The Effect Of Diversion Flow On The Amount Of Sediments Entering The Lateral Catchments At 180 ° And Hydraulic Conditions Around The Pipe On The Trapping Efficiency" Second National Conference On Water And Hydraulic Structures, 1397. (in persian)
Mohammad Hossein Mohebbi, Roozbeh Aghamajidi "Numerical Study And Analysis Of The Effect Of Mixing Intensity In The Body Of Concentrated Flow Using Different Turbulence Models" Second National Conference On Water And Hydraulic Structures, 1397. (in persian)
Amir Hossein Nozari, Roozbeh Aghamajidi "Laboratory Study Of The Simultaneous Effect Of Sharp Corner Roughness And Positive Slope On The Length Of Hydraulic Jump In Classical Relaxation Ponds" Journal Of Water Engineering, Volume: 7, Issue: 4, 1397. (in persian)
Massoud Razavi, Roozbeh Aghamajidi "Study Of Water Resources Management In Iran" 7th National Conference On Agriculture And Sustainable Natural Resources, 2017. (in persian)