نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری
نویسندگان
1 کارشناس ارشد، گروه مهندسی عمران، موسسه غیرانتفاعی تابناک، لامرد، ایران
2 گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد فیروزآباد (مرکز میمند)، فارس، ایران
3 استادیار، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد سپیدان، فارس، ایران
چکیده
سرریز ها به طور کلی برای تخلیه آب مازاد یا سیلاب که حجم مخزن قادر به ذخیره آن نباشد تعبیه می‌گردد. در سدهای انحرافی نیز از سرریز جهت بای پس یا انحراف جریان مازاد بر ظرفیت سیستم استفاده می‌شود. تخریب بسیاری از سدها به دلیل طراحی نادرست یا کافی نبودن ظرفیت سرریز به وقوع می‌پیوندند. طراحی صحیح سرریز در سدهای خاکی سنگریزه ای نسبت به سدهای بتنی از اهمیت بیشتری برخوردار هستند. زیرا احتمال تخریب سدهای خاکی و سنگریزه ای در اثر عبور آب، نسبت به سدهای بتنی به مراتب بیشتر است. در مطالعه حاضر به بررسی و مروری جامع بر روی انواع سرریزهای کاربردی بر اساس پارامترهای موثر دینامیکی و سینماتیکی پرداخته شد. همچنین نسبت به تعاریف و جمع بندی انواع سرریزهای آزاد، شوت، سیفونی، پلکانی، کنگره‌ای، جانبی، تونلی، تاج دایره‌ای، اوجی، نیلوفری یا لاله‌ای پرداخت گردید. در ادامه به بررسی مکانیزم شکل گیری گرداب و معرفی سرریز متناسب با این پدیده اقدام شد. نتایج حاکی از جمع بندی این موارد نشان داد که بکارگیری از سرریز نیلوفری یا لاله‌ای در مناطق سیل آسا با دِبی بالای دارای عملکرد بهتری می‌باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
A Review of Applied and Optimal Spillway in Dam Construction Based on Effective Dynamic and Kinematic Parameters
نویسندگان [English]
- Saeed Radmanesh 1
- Amirhossein Bazaee 2
- Roozbeh Aghamajidi 3
1 Master student, Department of Civil Engineering, Tabnak Non-Profit Institute, Lamerd, Iran
2 Instructor, Department of Civil Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Firoozabad Unit (Meymand Center), Fars, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Faculty Of Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Sepidan Unit, Fars, Iran
چکیده [English]
Overflows are generally installed to drain excess water or floods that the volume of the tank can not store. In diversion dams, overflow is used to bypass or divert current in excess of system capacity. Demolition of many dams occurs due to incorrect design or insufficient overflow capacity. Proper spill design is more important in gravel earthen dams than in concrete dams. because the probability of destruction of earthen and gravel dams due to water passage is much higher than concrete dams. In the present study, a comprehensive review of the types of applied overflows based on effective dynamic and kinematic parameters was performed. Also, definitions and summaries of different types of free overflows were shot, siphon, stepped, congressional, lateral, tunnel, circular crown, peak, lotus or tulip. Then, the mechanism of vortex formation was introduced and an overflow appropriate to this phenomenon was introduced. The results of these cases showed that the application of lotus or tulip overflow in flood areas with high discharge has better performance.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Spillway
- dam
- stepped overflow
- lotus overflow
- hydraulic structures
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- Amir Hossein Nozari, Roozbeh Aghamajidi "Laboratory Study Of The Simultaneous Effect Of Sharp Corner Roughness And Positive Slope On The Length Of Hydraulic Jump In Classical Relaxation Ponds" Journal Of Water Engineering, Volume: 7, Issue: 4, 1397. (in persian)
- Massoud Razavi, Roozbeh Aghamajidi "Study Of Water Resources Management In Iran" 7th National Conference On Agriculture And Sustainable Natural Resources, 2017. (in persian)
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